Roadmap on nanomedicine

Nanotechnology, vol. 32, pp. 012001

Abstract

Since the launch of the Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer by the National Cancer Institute in late 2004, several similar initiatives have been promoted all over the globe with the intention of advancing the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer in the wake of nanoscience and nanotechnology. All this has encouraged scientists with diverse backgrounds to team up with one another, learn from each other, and generate new knowledge at the interface between engineering, physics, chemistry and biomedical sciences. Importantly, this new knowledge has been wisely channeled towards the development of novel diagnostic, imaging and therapeutic nanosystems, many of which are currently at different stages of clinical development. This roadmap collects eight brief articles elaborating on the interaction of nanomedicines with human biology; the biomedical and clinical applications of nanomedicines; and the importance of patient stratification in the development of future nanomedicines. The first article reports on the role of geometry and mechanical properties in nanomedicine rational design; the second articulates on the interaction of nanomedicines with cells of the immune system; and the third deals with exploiting endogenous molecules, such as albumin, to carry therapeutic agents. The second group of articles highlights the successful application of nanomedicines in the treatment of cancer with the optimal delivery of nucleic acids, diabetes with the sustained and controlled release of insulin, stroke by using thrombolytic particles, and atherosclerosis with the development of targeted nanoparticles. Finally, the last contribution comments on how nanomedicine and theranostics could play a pivotal role in the development of personalized medicines. As this roadmap cannot cover the massive extent of development of nanomedicine over the past 15 years, only a few major achievements are highlighted as the field progressively matures from the initial hype to the consolidation phase.

Authors 20

1. Paolo Decuzzi

   Italian Institute of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy

2. Dan Peer corresponding

   Tel Aviv University

   Affiliation as printed

   Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel

   Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, The Shmunis School for Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel

3. Daniele Di Mascolo

   Italian Institute of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy

4. Anna Lisa Palange

   Italian Institute of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy

5. Purnima Naresh Manghnani

   Italian Institute of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy

6. Seyed Moein Moghimi

   Newcastle University

   Affiliation as printed

   School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom

7. Z. Shadi Farhangrazi

   Regional Municipality of Durham

   Affiliation as printed

   S. M. Discovery Group Inc, Colorado, United States of America

   S. M. Discovery Ltd, Durham, United Kingdom

8. Kenneth Alan Howard

   Aarhus University

   Affiliation as printed

   Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark

9. Daniel Rosenblum

   Tel Aviv University

   Affiliation as printed

   Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel

   Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, The Shmunis School for Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel

10. Tingxizi Liang

    California NanoSystems Institute · University of California, Los Angeles · State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science · Nanjing University

    Affiliation as printed

    California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America

    Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America

    State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China

11. Zhaowei Chen

    California NanoSystems Institute · University of California, Los Angeles

    Affiliation as printed

    California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America

    Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America

12. Zejun Wang

    California NanoSystems Institute · University of California, Los Angeles

    Affiliation as printed

    California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America

    Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America

13. Jun‐Jie Zhu

    State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science · Nanjing University

    Affiliation as printed

    State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China

14. Zhen Nan Gu

    California NanoSystems Institute · University of California, Los Angeles

    Affiliation as printed

    California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America

    Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America

15. Netanel Korin

    Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel

    Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel

16. Didier Letourneur

    Inserm · Université Paris Cité · Université Sorbonne Paris Nord · Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle

    Affiliation as printed

    Université de Paris, Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, LVTS, Hôpital X. Bichat, Paris, F-75018, France

17. Cédric Chauvierre

    Inserm · Université Paris Cité · Université Sorbonne Paris Nord · Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle

    Affiliation as printed

    Université de Paris, Université Paris Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, LVTS, Hôpital X. Bichat, Paris, F-75018, France

18. Roy van der Meel

    Eindhoven University of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

19. Fabian M. Kiessling

    University of Twente

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

20. Twan Lammers Aachen Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging

    Utrecht University · RWTH Aachen University · University of Twente

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Dept. of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany