18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Current Opinion in Urology, vol. 30, pp. 654–664

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this narrative review, we assessed the role of F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography/CT (FDG-PET/CT) in preoperative staging and response evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC), and to assess its incremental value to contrast-enhanced (CE)CT and MRI in terms of patient management at initial diagnosis and detection of recurrence. RECENT FINDINGS: A literature search in PubMed yielded 46 original reports, of which 15 compared FDG-PET/CT with CECT and one with MRI. For primary tumor assessment, FDG-PET/CT proved not accurate enough (13 reports; n = 7-70). For lymph node assessment, sensitivity of FDG-PET/CT is superior to CT with comparable specificity in 19 studies (n = 15-233). For detection of distant metastases, data from eight studies (n = 43-79) suggests that FDG-PET/CT is accurate, although comparative studies are lacking. Limited evidence (four studies, n = 19-50) suggests that FDG-PET/CT is not accurate for response evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. FDG-PET/CT incited change(s) in patient management in 18-68% of patients (five reports; n = 57-103). For detection of recurrence, seven studies (n = 29-287) indicated that FDG-PET/CT is accurate. SUMMARY: Most studies evaluated FDG-PET/CT for lymph node assessment and reported higher sensitivity than CT, with comparable specificity. FDG-PET/CT showed incremental value to CECT for recurrence and often incited change(s) in patient management.

Authors 7

1. Sarah M. H. Einerhand

   The Netherlands Cancer Institute

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam

2. Erik J. van Gennep Aachen Department of Urology, Leiden University Medical Center

   Leiden University Medical Center · The Netherlands Cancer Institute

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam

   Department of Urology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden

3. Laura S. Mertens

   The Netherlands Cancer Institute

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam

4. Kees Hendricksen

   The Netherlands Cancer Institute

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam

5. Maarten L. Donswijk

   The Netherlands Cancer Institute

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Nuclear Medicine, Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

6. Henk G. van der Poel

   The Netherlands Cancer Institute

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam

7. Bas W.G. van Rhijn corresponding

   University of Regensburg · The Netherlands Cancer Institute · Caritas-Krankenhaus St. Josef

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam

   Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

   fax: +31 20 5122459

   to Bas W.G. van Rhijn, MD PhD FEBU, Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Tel: +31 20 5122553