Euclid preparation

Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 638, pp. C2

Abstract

Aims.Our aim is to quantify the impact of systematic effects on the inference of cosmological parameters from cosmic shear.Methods.We present an "end-to-end" approach that introduces sources of bias in a modelled weak lensing survey on a galaxy-by-galaxy level.We propagated residual biases through a pipeline from galaxy properties at one end to cosmic shear power spectra and cosmological parameter estimates at the other end.We did this to quantify how imperfect knowledge of the pipeline changes the maximum likelihood values of dark energy parameters.Results.We quantify the impact of an imperfect correction for charge transfer inefficiency and modelling uncertainties of the point spread function for Euclid, and find that the biases introduced can be corrected to acceptable levels.

Authors 98

1. Paniez Paykari

   University College London

   Affiliation as printed

   Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

2. T. Kitching

   University College London

   Affiliation as printed

   Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

3. Henk Hoekstra Aachen Leiden Observatory

   Leiden University · Leiden Observatory

   Affiliation as printed

   Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands

4. R. Azzollini

   University College London

   Affiliation as printed

   Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

5. V. F. Cardone

   Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

   Affiliation as printed

   INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy

6. Mark S. Cropper

   University College London

   Affiliation as printed

   Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

7. C. A. J. Duncan

   University of Oxford

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Physics, Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK

8. Arun Kannawadi Aachen Leiden Observatory

   Leiden University · Leiden Observatory

   Affiliation as printed

   Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands

9. L. Miller

   University of Oxford

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Physics, Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK

10. Hervé Aussel

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Sorbonne Paris Cité · Université Paris Diderot

    Affiliation as printed

    AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

11. Ian Fenech Conti

    University of Malta

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics, University of Malta, Msida, MSD 2080, Malta

    Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy (ISSA), University of Malta, Msida, MSD, 2080, Malta

12. N. Auricchio

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

13. Marco Baldi

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

14. S. Bardelli

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

15. A. Biviano

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy

16. D. Bonino

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy

17. E. Borsato

    University of Padua

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Universitá di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy

18. E. Bozzo

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

19. E. Branchini

    Roma Tre University · Astronomical Observatory of Rome · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tre · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Mathematics and Physics, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy

20. Sylvie Brau-Nogué

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier · Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie · Université de Toulouse

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France

21. M. Brescia

    Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy

22. J. Brinchmann Aachen Leiden Observatory

    Leiden University · Universidade do Porto · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences · Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto · Leiden Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal

    Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands

23. C. Burigana

    University of Ferrara · Istituto di Radioastronomia di Bologna · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Giuseppe Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy

    INAF, Istituto di Radioastronomia, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, Italy

24. S. Camera

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino · University of Turin

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    Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy

25. V. Capobianco

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy

26. C. Carbone

    National Institute for Astrophysics

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    INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy

27. J. Carretero

    Institute for High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut de Física d’Altes Energies IFAE, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain

28. Santiago Casas

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Sorbonne Paris Cité · Université Paris Diderot

    Affiliation as printed

    AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

29. Francisco Javier Castander

    Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEEC-CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08193 Barcelona, Spain

    Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain

30. M. Castellano

    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy

31. S. Cavuoti

    Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli · University of Naples Federico II

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    Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University Federico II, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy

    INFN section of Naples, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy

32. Yann Philippe Charles

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France

33. R. Clédassou

    Centre National d'Études Spatiales

    Affiliation as printed

    Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse, France

34. C Colodro-Conde

    Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

    Affiliation as printed

    Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Làctea s/n, 38204 San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

35. G. Congedo

    Royal Observatory · University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

36. C. Conselice

    University of Nottingham

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK

37. L. Conversi

    European Space Astronomy Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain

38. Y. Copin

    Lyon 1 Université · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université de Lyon · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France ; Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne; CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Lyon, France

    CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Lyon, France

    Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne

    Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France

39. J. Coupon

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

40. A. Da Silva

    University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal

41. X. Dupac

    European Space Astronomy Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain

42. Giulio Fabbian

    Université Paris-Sud · University of Sussex · Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK

    Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, Universite Paris-Sud, Batiment 121, 91405 Orsay, France

43. S. Farrens

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Sorbonne Paris Cité · Université Paris Diderot

    Affiliation as printed

    AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

44. P.G Ferreira

    University of Oxford

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics, Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK

45. P. Fosalba

    Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain

    Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain

46. N. Fourmanoit

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France

47. M. Frailis

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy

48. M. Fumana

    National Institute for Astrophysics

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    INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy

49. Samuele Galeotta

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy

50. B. Garilli

    National Institute for Astrophysics

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    INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy

51. William Gillard

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France

52. Bryan R. Gillis

    Royal Observatory · University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

53. C. Giocoli

    University of Ferrara · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Giuseppe Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

54. Javier Graciá-Carpio

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany

55. Frank U. Grupp

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany

56. F. Hormuth

    von Hoerner & Sulger (Germany)

    Affiliation as printed

    von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH, SchloßPlatz 8, 68723 Schwetzingen, Germany

57. S. Ilić

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier · FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences · Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie · Université de Toulouse

    Affiliation as printed

    CEICO, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Praha 8, Czech Republic

    Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France

58. Holger Israel

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany

59. K. Jahnkę

    Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

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    Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany

60. Elina Keihänen

    University of Helsinki · Helsinki Institute of Physics

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    Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

61. Smaïn Kermiche

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

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    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France

62. M. Kilbinger

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Sorbonne Paris Cité · Université Paris Diderot

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    AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France

63. C.C Kirkpatrick

    University of Helsinki · Helsinki Institute of Physics

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    Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

64. Bogna Kubik

    Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lyon

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    Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, 4, rue Enrico Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France

65. Martin Kunz

    University of Geneva

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    Université de Genève, Département de Physique Théorique and Centre for Astroparticle Physics, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland

66. Hannu Kurki-Suonio

    University of Helsinki · Helsinki Institute of Physics

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    Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

67. F. Lacasa

    Université Paris-Sud · Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

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    Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, Universite Paris-Sud, Batiment 121, 91405 Orsay, France

68. R. Laureijs

    European Space Agency · European Space Research and Technology Centre

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    European Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ, Noordwijk, The Netherlands

69. David Le Mignant

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université

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    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France

70. S. Ligori

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

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    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy

71. Per Barth Lilje

    University of Oslo

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    Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway

72. Ivan Lloro

    Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

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    Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain

    Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain

73. Thierry Maciaszek

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre National d'Études Spatiales

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    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France

    Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse, France

74. E. Maiorano

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

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    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

75. O. Marggraf

    University of Bonn

    Affiliation as printed

    Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, Germany

76. Katarina Markovic

    Jet Propulsion Laboratory

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    Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA

77. M. Martinelli

    Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas · Instituto de Física Teórica · Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

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    Instituto de Física Téorica UAM-CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain

78. N. Martinet

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université

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    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France

79. F. Marulli

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

    Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio (OAS), Via Gobetti 93/3, 40127 Bologna, Italy

80. R. Massey

    Durham University

    Affiliation as printed

    Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK

81. N. Mauri

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · University of Bologna

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    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

82. Eduardo Medinaceli

    Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy

83. S. Mei

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris Cité · Université Paris Sciences et Lettres · Observatoire de Paris · Sorbonne Université · Laboratoire d’Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères

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    Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA, 75014 Paris, France

    University of Paris Denis Diderot, University of Paris Sorbonne Cité (PSC), 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France

84. Y. Mellier

    Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris · CEA Paris-Saclay · Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers

    Affiliation as printed

    IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France

    Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France

85. Massimo Meneghetti

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, Italy

86. R. B. Metcalf

    National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy

87. M. Moresco

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

88. Lauro Moscardini

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

89. Emiliano Munari

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy

90. Christian Neissner

    Institute for High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut de Física d’Altes Energies IFAE, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain

91. Robert C. Nichol

    University of Portsmouth

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK

92. S.-M Niemi

    University College London

    Affiliation as printed

    Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

93. Teake A Nutma

    University of Groningen

    Affiliation as printed

    Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands

94. S. Paltani

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

95. FABIO PASIAN

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy

96. V. Pettorino

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Sorbonne Paris Cité · Université Paris Diderot

    Affiliation as printed

    AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

97. S. Pires

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Sorbonne Paris Cité · Université Paris Diderot

    Affiliation as printed

    AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

98. Gianluca Polenta

    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

    Affiliation as printed

    Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency, via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy