Error Model in Single-Board Computer-Based Phasor Measurement Units

IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 69, pp. 6155–6164

Abstract

Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are measurement devices long used in transmission systems and today even more essential for a proper monitoring of distribution grids. The expected massive penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) is slowly taking place, carrying along a new set of challenges that put to test traditional instruments and requiring more performance and flexibility to adapt to this evolving scenario. Cheap devices based on a single-board computer (SBC) are proving to be a valid alternative to traditional PMU architectures, able to combine together high-performance, great versatility, and low cost. However, such devices lack a proper modeling of their measurement errors that conversely would be extremely useful for improving their design and evaluate their performance in accordance with the relevant standards. This article intends to fill this gap by discussing the error sources and their effects on the observed signals. An analysis of error statistics is presented, in order to give a more complete metrological characterization.

Authors 5

1. Carlo Guarnieri Calò Carducci Aachen E.ON Energy Research Center Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   E.ON Energy Research Center, Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

2. Gianluca Lipari Aachen E.ON Energy Research Center Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   E.ON Energy Research Center, Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

3. Nicola Giaquinto

   Polytechnic University of Bari

   Affiliation as printed

   Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy

4. Ferdinanda Ponci Aachen E.ON Energy Research Center Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   E.ON Energy Research Center, Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

5. Antonello Monti Aachen E.ON Energy Research Center Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   E.ON Energy Research Center, Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany